Religious Views on Satan

Religious Views on Satan Free Online Research Papers In John Milton’s Satan shows a great deal of leadership throughout the book. There are many things that Satan says and does to get out of hell and becomes a leader. Satan can persuade many people to follow him. When Satan says So he with difficulty and labour hard Movd on, with difficulty and labour hee; But hee once past, soon after when man fell, Strange alteration! Sin and Death amain Following his track, such was the will of. He states that he is moving on and just got out of hell and now explaining heaven. Now he is going to earth to get revenge. Machiavelli shows this when he says He must therefore keep his mind ready to shift as he winds and tides of Fortune turn, and as I have already said, he ought not to quit good courses if he can help it, but should know how to follow evil courses if he must Machiavelli is saying that you got to know how to follow the good courses but then also know when to get revenge and be evil. We sunk thus low? Th ascent is easie then; Th event is feard; should we again provoke Our stronger, some worse way his wrath may find To our destruction: if there be in Hell Fear to be worse destroyd: what can be worse. Satan is saying that they have fallen so far to hell and they already have failed so what could happen that could be worse. They should have nothing to fear if they already have sunk to their lowest point. Machiavelli saysNevertheless he ought to be slow to believe and to act, nor should he himself show fear, but proceed in a temperate manner with prudence and humanity, so that too much confidence may not make him incautious and too much distrust render him intolerable. Machiavelli and Satan both are saying you should not fear anything. Machiavelli is always saying that its always better to be a leader than a follower and when Satan says To reign is worth ambition though in Hell: Better to reign in Hell, then serve in Heavn he is saying that it is better to reign in hell than serve in heaven. This quote is similar to what Machiavelli is always trying to say. Machiavelli and Satan say many of things that are similar and different. Mostly they are trying to say you should never be feared, know when to be evil or good, and its better to be a leader than a follower. They both show good leadership skills in many different ways but can be compared to. Research Papers on Religious Views on SatanHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayMind TravelBringing Democracy to AfricaWhere Wild and West Meet19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationHip-Hop is ArtThe Hockey GameStandardized TestingTwilight of the UAW

The Place of Media in the Public Sphere

The Place of Media in the Public Sphere The public sphere as a concept always has to take into account the freedom enjoyed by a people such that they can share their ideas or thoughts and learn or access other views (Gastil 2007, 18). This process necessarily also consists of or results in the formation of public opinion (Dahlgren 2005, 148).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Place of Media in the Public Sphere specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Dahlgren (2005, 148) the public sphere consists of and is guaranteed by three dimensions i.e. â€Å"structure, representation and interaction†. The impact of the net on the public sphere is a given reality and can not be the question. Dahlgren (2005, 149) asserts that with the coming of the Net, â€Å"the sprawling character of the public sphere becomes all the more accentuated†. One of the challenges or problems identified with the traditional media is the shift from serious del iberation on political matters to more focus on entertainment and life style issues. This trend is commonly known as Tabloidization. Tabloidization and other problems associated with traditional media are as a result of cutting edge competition amongst media houses. According to Harsin (2006, 89), â€Å"corporate mergers have increased the pressure towards speed and expanding viewer – and readership, and the demand for ever increasing profit†. As competition between media houses increased, another shift towards combining serious information with entertainment happened. For example, a given serious message that needs public attention is programmed to run as an interlude between episodes in a popular soap. Due to the strong control many governments and elites had over traditional media, the media was largely a propaganda tool. Propaganda was possible because access and interaction between consumers was not possible.Advertising Looking for research paper on commun ications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example in the Arab world, due to state control over traditional media, Rinnawi (2002, 2) states that â€Å"there are hardly any opportunities for the participation of the media consumers, the public or for any deviation from the mainstream ideas or opinions held by the ruling elite†. The United States of America is the beacon of democracy in the world; however, its traditional media does not escape from being used as a propaganda tool. Harsin (2002, 2) states, â€Å"The strategic use and (sometimes) careless circulation of rumor characterizes the current climate of American news media and politics†. The manipulation or distortion of truth or reduction of public communication to mere appeals to emotion is undemocratic (Harsin, 2006, 86). As Rinnawi (2002, 2) elaborates, traditional media in Arab countries aim at perpetuated an ethno-national identity as oppos ed to providing progressive communication. The governments use the media to promote its view points and criticism that only serves to cement or give credence to government view points (Rinnawi 2002, 3). ). In such like a scenario, the public sphere is reduced or is virtually non-existent. The New Media was acclaimed by many as being the solution to the challenges or problems of the traditional media. The internet has in an enormous way opened new freedoms to the general public (Rinnawi, 1). Through the internet, dissenting opinions find a place or a channel. Blogs have become a sort of â€Å"alternative Citizen Journalism† where individuals keep the rest informed on given issues (Cammaerts 2008, 1). In the case of the Arab world, citizens are able to share about issues and openly criticize the regimes; a taboo in the traditional media channels. The internet, therefore, it has been proved, creates a new public sphere (Rinnawi 2002, 4). This new public sphere is more multi-face ted than one relying on traditional media (Dahlgren, 2005, 153).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Place of Media in the Public Sphere specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although there are those who think that the impact of the internet on democracy is minimal, the rise of such phenomenon as e-democracy, e-government and e-politics in general is a good indicator of the transformational properties of the Net (Dahlgren 2005, 155). As Rinnawi (2003, 20) found out from his research, â€Å"a huge gap remains in the level of criticism towards the Arab regime and the other elites in particular, existing in the internet but almost non-existent in the Diaspora Media.† This assertion goes along way in asserting the revolutionary role of the internet. The assertion by Rinnawi is confirmed by Cammaerts (2008, 3) when he says that, â€Å"these media offer citizens new opportunities to engage or participate indep endently and critically in the (online) public sphere†. The New Media has not totally subverted the problems identified with the traditional media (Kaid 2004, 58). While in traditional media the producers manipulate information, in the New Media, both producer and consumer have capacity to manipulate information (Gastil 2007, 78). The New Media poses a challenge of people insulating themselves. Due to technological advances, individuals are able to choose what they want through filtering the information that reaches them (Sunsetin 2002, 1). The capacity to filter easily generates or creates groups that only access information of a given kind. Some groups are only interested in politics and thus access only political information. Some others are only interested in religion, ethnicity, nationality, age wealth or other convictions (Sunsetin 3). Balkanization of society across those lines is a possibility as a result of consumer capacity to filter what kind of information reaches them. Sunsetin (2002, 212) indicates that the problem of self insulation was identified by the early thinkers on democracy. Both Stuart Mill and John Dewey argued that individuals and society at large can only progress if it is open to information from others.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Self insulation is not such a big problem because â€Å"the internet’s public sphere is networked† (Dahlgren 2005, 152). A networked public sphere means that there is more interconnection between individuals and societies than otherwise (Guidry, Michael Zald 2000, 127). The level of participation in politics has increased as per research carried out in Greece, Netherlands and Britain (Dahlgren 2005, 156). Although people are sharing ideas widely, the challenge of clustering and group polarization still remains (Sunsetin 2002, 213). There is wide formation of enclaves (in-groups with tight interests that may be of no interest to the wider community) among internet users. The formation of in-groups has its advantages and disadvantages. On one hand it enables further interaction between minorities thus sharpening their approaches at advocating for their special interest in the wider community. A good example is the surfers against sewage studied by Wheaton. Wheaton (281) indicates that Surfers against Sewage (SAS) was one of the groups that had risen in Britain; this group represented a ‘form of lifestyle politics’. There has been a shift from traditional empowerment politics to life politics (Wheaton 2007, 285). In the modern world, politics is general changing towards more focus on lifestyle challenges faced by given small groups (Wheaton 2007, 282). These groups employ new media capacities, creating sub cultural media, towards mobilizing support for their causes in the wider society (Wheaton 2007, 287). SAS is a good example of an in-group that uses common interest to push for a good that could be termed as a common good. Unfortunately, some enclaves only promote group polarization or may lead to balkanization of society (Sunsetin 2002, 214). Dahlgren (2005, 152), also assert that the internet has not escaped the ills of traditional media. Like in the traditional media, â€Å"consumerism, entertainment, non political networking and chat† are the key features of the internet (Dahlgren 2005, 152). In concurrence, Cammaerts also points out that the prime sites belong to the market controllers in the traditional media. Although the internet â€Å"was initially based on strict non-profit philosophy, its recent history has shown that market forces have established themselves as the hegemonic paradigm of the internet† (Cammaerts 2008, 9). Elites, corporate and government functionaries dominate the media and are the opinion setter in most issues of public concern. The politicians of today, guided by the New Media values are only keen on dramatization and appealing to emotions (Harsin 2006, 97). With the New Media, the focus, especially of politicians, is on speed and branding rather than deliberations (Starr 2004, 101). Their messages are not aimed at discourse or deliberation on issues but rather hardening positions of given niche groups. These are scenario is akin to the challenge of Tabloidization and propaganda faced by traditional media. Politics is more geared towards response to niche groups, which often push for selfish interests that do not have a really impact or significance to the general public. Such politics does not challenge the broader social issues that need societal attention (Wheaton 2007, 289) Group polarization due to like minded people finding their own enclave has a likelihood of degenerating social stability if the group does not have the common good as their goal (Kaid 2004, 114). The new media has made it easy for extremists to identify each other and share their otherwise warped ideas or scheme towards terrorizing the general public (Kaid 2004, 114). The other problem with the new media is the security concerns and lack of information management structures. The new media has made it possible for anybody to spread hoaxes and false information. Harsin (2006, 88) gives the example of hoaxes spread about John Kerry during the 2004 presidential campaigns in t he US. He argues that rumor has become so entrenched that websites have been set up to establish facts from rumors (Harsin 2006, 88). Despite the mentioned problems, the new media has generally helped individuals to communicate and learn different opinions or views. This is good for society for it creates a sort of global citizenship or understanding in the general public (Sunsetin 2002, 215). However, some areas due to the digital divide are not yet benefiting from the New Media (Gastil 2007, 94).The case of SAS proves the pivotal role of the new media in driving public opinion. Wheaton (2007, 292) indicates that â€Å"while the mass media did play a pivotal role in exposing and communicating SAS’s message, for committed water sport enthusiasts such as surfers and windsurfers, the greatest exposure to SAS and its activities was via its subcultural media†. Many challenges in the modern world are of global nature (Wheaton 2007, 295). Price (2009, 580) indicates that the re are many non government actors, non governmental organizations and transnational advocacy networks that are tackling issues of global magnitude. The public sphere is no longer state confined but rather encompasses the whole globe. Due to globalization, multinationals have great force or power in host countries. Globalization could also be credited with growth of transnational civil societies (Price 2009, 581). Globalization is New Media driven; it is the internet and other faster communication and transport technologies that have led to the globalization phenomenon (Cammaerts Van Audenhove, 2005, 181). The forces of globalization especially the new media, have given rise to the notion of transnational citizenships (Cammaerts Van Audenhove, 2005, 183). For a transnational civil society to form, individuals have to find a way of rallying international interest into an issue (Price 2009, 583). Most activist groups aim at local issues like a given company polluting the neighborhood ; however, most are informed by the global dimensions of the challenge. For example, pollution has global ramification if viewed in the context of global warming. Most internet forums, as related by Cammaerts and Van Audenhove (2005, 190)’s analysis, are of international appeal or nature. Most local activists thrive due to having support linkages with other activities across the globe (Price 2009, 594). The challenge and dilemma to be tackled in relation to the new media is how to balance free choice needs of individuals, public integration and stem information cocoons (Dahlgren 2005, 158). There is need for public forums as a way of exposing people to information they would not seek if left on their own (Sunsetin 2002, 217). Government intervention in the new media is as relevant as is the case in traditional media. Cammaerts argues that censorship and threats from fellow internet users undermine the freedoms of the internet (Cammaerts 2008, 16). However, that does not wash away the need for some form of regulation. There is need for some form of regulation, to ensure the balance between free choice and proper interaction between different actors is achieved (Sunsetin 2002, 218). The challenge for any society is creating proper laws for free expression and a culture that promotes freedom (Sunsetin 2002, 222). Reference List Cammaerts, Bart. 2008. Critical Reflection on the Participative Nature of Blogs. London: London School of Economics and Political Sciences Cammaerts, Bart and Van Audenhove, Lee. 2005. ‘Online Political Debate, Unbounded Citizenship and the Problematic Nature of a Transnational Public Sphere’, Political Communication 22(2) Dahlgren, Peter. 2005). ‘the Internet, Public Spheres, and Political Communication: Dispersion and Deliberation’, Political Communication 22(2) Gastil, John. 2007. Political Communication and Deliberation. New York: SAGE Publications Guidry A. John, Kennedy D. Michael, Zald N. Mayer. 2000 . Globalizations and Social Movements: Culture, Power, and the Transnational Public Sphere  Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 2000 Harsin, Jayson. ‘The Rumour Bomb: Theorizing the Convergence of New and Old Trends in Mediated US Politics’. Southern Review: Communication, Politics Culture; Volume 39, Issue 1; 2006 Kaid, Lynda, Lee. 2004. Handbook of Political Communication Research. New York: Routledge Sunsetin, Cass. 2002. Republic.com. Princeton: Princeton University Press Price Richard. ‘Transnational Civil Society and Advocacy in World Politics’. World politics, Vol 55 No. 4. Cambridge University Press. Accessed from http//:www.jstor.org/stable/24054239 Rinnawi Khallil. 2002. The Internet and the Arab World AS A Virtual Public Sphere. Accessed from  cmsprod.bgu.ac.il/NR/rdonlyres/E1D4CA76-9BEF-49A3/Rinnawi.pdf Starr Paul. 2004. The Creation of the Media: Political Origins of Modern Communications. Kansas: Basic Books Wheaton, Belinda. 2007. I dentity, Politics, and the Beach: Environmental Activism in Surfers against Sewage. Vol 2. UK: Routledge

Psychology of Exercise & Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Psychology of Exercise & Health - Essay Example Approximately 2 million deaths every year are attributable to physical inactivity; and preliminary findings from a WHO study on risk factors suggest that sedentary lifestyle is one of the ten leading causes of death and disability in the world. Physical inactivity increases all causes mortality, doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and obesity. It also increases the risks of colon and breast cancer, high blood pressure, lipid disorders, osteoporosis, depression and anxiety." (World Health Organization 2002) The transtheoretical model (TTM) of behaviour change, developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s, is a model of intentional behaviour change which focuses on the decision making of the individual. Originally designed to describe changes in addictive behaviour, the TTM has expanded to include the adoption of preventive health behaviours and the use of medical services (Burkholder & Evers, 2002). In the early 1990s, Marcus and others applied the TTM to exercise behaviour (Marcus, Selby et al., 1992). Since then, several researchers have used the TTM to develop exercise interventions. The TTM suggests that people do not change all at once, rather they move through a series of five stages toward behaviour change. There are three pre-action stages and two action stages, each defined by a temporal component related to the behaviour change. People in the first stage of pre-contemplation are not exercising and have no intention to exercise. In contemplation, people intend to exercise in the distant future, beginning sometime in the next 6 months. Preparation is the third stage where people intend to begin to exercise sometime in the next 30 days. The next stage, action, occurs when the person begins to exercise for at least 1 day to 6 months. In the stage of maintenance, the person has been exercising consistently for at least 6 months. The transtheoretical model proposes a set of constructs that are thought to influence movement through stages of change. These constructs include self-efficacy, decisional balance, and the processes of change. Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capability to engage successfully in a specific behaviour. Decisional balance is the evaluation of the pros and cons of engaging in the target behaviour. The processes of change are the cognitive and behavioural strategies used for changing behaviour and moving through the five identified stages: consciousness raising; dramatic relief; environmental re-evaluation; self re-evaluation and social liberation. Decisional balance, an analysis of the pros and cons of the behaviour change, is believed to influence exercise behaviour. Based on the work of Janis and Mann (1977), perceived costs and benefits to oneself and significant others influence behaviour change. Pros tend to increase to action and level off, while cons decrease with movement to each subsequent stage. Most of the evidence for exercise indicates that the crossover occurs during the preparation stage, which is consistent with several other behaviours. Prochaska and DiClemente identified 10 basic processes or strategies people

Employment law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Employment law - Essay Example This could also be held to be unreasonable behavior. A general rule has been set out in the case of General Billposting Co Ltd v Atkinson1 it was held that there may be instances where an employer has behaved so badly towards an employee that the employee can treat his employment contract as if it is at an end. When this is the case, the employer may not be able to impose any post termination restrictive covenant on the employee, because the contract has been ended as a result of the employer’s own fault, hence he will not have the right to demand that the employee adhere to any conditions post employment. Thus, on this basis, Ali has grounds to contest the sudden change in the contract that has been made by Balmoral. It must also be noted that there may have been certain terms implied in Ali’s original contract, such as the duty of an employee not to work for competitors, even during off duty hours, as also stated in the cases of Hivac Ltd v Park Royal Scientific Instruments Ltd2and Provident Financial Group plc v Hayward.3 Ali’s original contract with Balmoral would have already included the implicit restriction on working for competitors, therefore the grounds for Balmoral instituting a new contract may itself be subject to dispute. In general, once an employment contract has been entered into with an employee, an employer may not change the terms without first obtaining the consent of the employee.4 Unless the original contract Ali had with Balmoral allows the flexibility of changing contractual terms, Balmoral will be required to follow the correct procedure and offer the terms to Ali, who is at liberty to accept or reject them. Balmoral’s dismissal of Ali on the grounds of refusal to accept new terms may give rise to grounds for a breach of contract. Even assuming that the new contract was deemed necessary after the recent incidences of poaching staff, it will be difficult for

Interesting Types of Smells to Dogs Essay Example for Free

Interesting Types of Smells to Dogs Essay Canine dogs have a particular advanced sense of smell that is even more developed than humans. Dogs, in any breed, have scenting organ located in its mouth that transmits necessary information to the dog’s brain. This ability enables dogs to detect even the slightest scent in the environment. In contrast with human who has only about five million scent receptors, dogs have about 200 million that surpasses the ability of humans to detect different scents available in the environment. Dog’s nose has moisture that enables them to trap scent molecules that enables it to discriminate different scents. (Anonymous, 2007) One particular interesting scent to dogs is urine. To dogs, urine scent is like a fingerprint among humans. It embodies different information which includes the sex and age. Dogs that sniff trees, electric poles, and fire hydrants are gathering information by reading the other scents left by dogs. The urine of an in heat female dog for example contains pheromones than dogs that are out of season. (Anonymous, 2007) Other scent signals includes the anal glands, stool and saliva which all contains olfactory information that dogs are very interested to get a hold of. That is why dogs who are introduced to other new dogs are keen to smell the back ends to get information on another dogs’ age, sex and relationship. Even the scents of other dogs reveal its confidence and social status among other dogs. Another interesting scent to dogs is human scent. Dogs are able to distinguish human scent due to the remnants of skin cells and human tissue particles. (Anonymous, 2003)With the help of the dog’s memory, dog remembers the different smell of people introduced to them. A particular kind is the smell of a dog’s owner. It conveys a sense of comfort and safety for the dogs to remember of its owner. Body odor enables dogs to detect the mood of people. Some researchers determined that â€Å"happy tears† contains different chemicals than â€Å"angry tears†, and experts believe dogs can determine the difference. Perfume, cigarette smoke, deodorant, and other odors that linger on skin and clothing, combine to make up a person’s individual smell. Dogs can be sometimes confused when its owner for example, changes some of the odors it primarily has. (Kryptiks) Dogs can be turned off by odors unappealing to them. Citrus smells, such as lime, lemon and orange, and spicy smells like red pepper can turn dogs off. (Kryptiks) Particularly dogs hate citronella which is often used in products that are used to keep dogs away from certain areas. Often times, the odors that people hate are the most interesting to dogs. Trash is a main example that dogs love to smell. Dogs are also particular with their food that is why veterinarians advise owners to heat the dog’s food before serving to boost the aroma that enables dogs to discriminate the scent it produces. (Kryptiks)

Essay --

The Gettysburg Address In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln was asked to say a few words at the opening of a military cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Gettysburg stood as one of the bloodiest battles in America’s Civil War and the Governor felt that these fallen soldiers needed a better resting place. Lincoln had a problem with the people in his country that happened to be in war fighting against each other for the freedom of blacks, which they currently did not have. When Lincoln came to give his speech he had many people on the edge of their seats listening to him word for word. He takes his time in what he says and chooses his words precisely. Some may not apprehend what Lincoln was actually saying whether they were soldiers or people who were mourning the loss of their family members. He wanted to let the families and armed forces know that he's proud of what they have done; although, he may also be marginally disenchanted since his country is fighting against one another. He reveres the se people no matter what side they are on and hopes for the freedom of slaves whil...

ACE Hardware Point of Purchase Observation

Determine the shoppers' decision process. B. Methodology The strength of observation methods lies In â€Å"what It Is†. The subject is not required to recall actions, to answer a questionnaire or to complete a personal Interview. Likewise, the observer Is not In a position to Interpret an answer by an Interviewee. Action is recorded not interpretation. Covert observational research is used. Researchers do not identify themselves. Researchers are either mixing in the subjects undetected, or observing from the distance.This method is used so that the subjects' behavior will not be contaminated by the presence of the researcher. Customers will be observed regardless of whether or not they Interested in certain departments or whether they seemed to be only passing through. All persons, once â€Å"picked up†, will be documented and considered In the analysis even If no purchases are made. The observation location will be focused on the ground floor of ACE Hardware BCC.Resear chers will spread accordingly to the customers movements. The conversion rate of the store will be determined by observing the number of customers coming in only from the main door and customers purchasing at the cashiers of the ground level. Any other activities that take place on the other floor(s) ill not be observed. To avoid biases regarding the elements of the store, researchers will also implement some simple personal interview to the ACE Hardware staffs.By doing so, researchers may interpret the observational data collected more accurately. C. Point of Purchase Observation Things to be observed: Store Measurement Conversion or Closure Rate The amount of time a shopper spends In a store Interception Rate (percentage of customers who have contact with a store employee) Shopping Behavior Departments visited Things seen and touched Things put In the cart Time spent Purchase decision Store Management .Display Location of each departments Products put on the rack at the height the eye level Price tags (is there any differences between products displayed on display table and those on the rack) Differences of products on the height of eye level, above eye level, and under eye level (price, type, colors, shape, etc. ) Products arrangement Lighting b. Store Assistances Employees approach to consumers How to deal with queries and complaints c. In Store Promotion Current promotions Terms and conditions of the promotion Upcoming promotions d. Service Environment Must be available in the service Environment

Punctuation Essay

Punctuation is one of the most important aspects of written English, yet it is one taken the most lightly. And it changes meaning, gives a pause to the reader,and changes the tone of the voice when speaking. In all of the essays authors surprised me.They showed me what punctuations actually is, whats te importance of punctuations. as for example â€Å"Don’t stop† and â€Å"Don’t, stop† do both of them are same? No, just a comma changed full meaning. This is how the essays impressed me. â€Å"The comma is a flashing yellow light that asks us only to slow down† this line has been taken from the essay â€Å"In Priase of the Humble Comma† paragraph no.2 line no.5, this is the line which gives all the description about Comma. Like this in every essays they described each punctuations in this way, which I was hoping to. This essays has changed my view of how to see puntuations. Before I didn’t cared that much about punctuations, but now I got a clear information about punctuations.And I came to know that to convey a correct message and write a good piece of English I must use punctuations. â€Å"The relationship with my father in Winnipeg has became more personal than it had been with the alternating saturday father-son telephone call.Because of its brief nature every single character is an enormous significance.† this lines has been taken from the essay â€Å"The Impotance of Email Punctuation: A Cautionary Tale† paragraph no.2 line no.9, this lines makes me understand that punctuations played a great role to make their son-father relation stronger which serves to an emotional investment. These essays made me felt ’emotionally invested’ because it can grow a stronger relation between two person which is really a important thing in this society and these essays made me understand impotance of punctuation too.

CASE WRITE-UPS Essays - Finance, Money, Economy, Financial Services

CASE WRITE-UPS Essays - Finance, Money, Economy, Financial Services CASE WRITE-UPS Write an executive summary focusing your analysis on the principal issues of the case. The audience is a mid-level executive; time is short and they might not read the whole work, so lead with the meat of your conclusion. Assume your audience is familiar with the companies, principals, and environment: focus on the problem and your solution. Presentation matters, so formal language and no typos. Proof read your work. Please present your solution to the main issue, discuss any key alternatives and why they were rejected, and significant risks involved with the solution (or other unknown factors that could alter the analysis). Length should target one single spaced page, no smaller than 11 pt. font, and certainly be no longer than two pages. If charts or calculations are needed, they may be included as an appendix (only text will count to the page limit, but don't go overboard). Analysing a Strategy Case Study - Some Tips Copyright: Adrian Haberberg and the University of Westminster, 1998 Give yourself time to assimilate a case The longer that a case study is given to "sink in" to your subconscious, the deeper the understanding you will get and the better your answers will be. Read the case material for the first time as soon as you have been allocated it as an assignment or seminar example. Get a general impression: Which organisations and industries does it relate to? Is the organisation doing well or badly now, and how has it performed in the past? Is it a company that has an unbroken record of success? Or a successful company that has fallen on hard times? What are the main issues and choices confronting the company? Is it in an expanding industry, or a maturing one? Are customer needs changing? Does the firm confront a variety of opportunities? Or is there a particular business decision which the case is oriented towards? What information is there in the case, as tables and annexes? Analyse thoroughly, and use what you have been learning Put the case aside for a few days before reading it a second time. Then, start to analyse it seriously: Look at the development of the organisation over time. What strategies has it pursued? Which have succeeded and which have failed? Which are the types of environment where it has been able to succeed, and in which types has it had problems? Use the tools and techniques of strategic management theory, to see what insights they give you. What is the nature of the competitive environment? What kind of strategic resources does the organisation have - and which does it lack? How successful has the organisation been - and how do you know? Look carefully at all the tables, annexes and appendices. Why are they there? What information is the case writer trying to get you to get out of them? If there are numerical data in the case - analyse them . What trends over time do they show? What ratios can you use to analyse performance in areas that are important to the organisation ? Then, if you have time, put the case aside again for a day or two, and let all this sink in. You may at this stage like to use SWOT analysis as a framework for a preliminary analysis of your thinking. But beware - SWOT analysis is not sufficiently precise to feature in a good final report. Relate your analysis to the question Now start to relate the analysis to the task or question you h ave been set. What elements of the strategic analysis do you require to carry out the task, and how do they relate to it? Is there further information or analysis that you need? Be logical and critical Think hard about your conclusions and recommendations. Have you really demonstrated them, backing up your reasoning with hard evidence (events and results) from the case study? Have you allowed yourself to be swayed by the opinions of the organisation's own managers? They have a vested interest in showing their actions in the best possible light. You do not have to agree. Do the facts support their claims of success, or their excuses for failure?

Nautilus Facts

Nautilus Facts The chambered nautilus (Nautilus pompilius) is a large, mobile cephalopod which is called a living fossil and has been the subject of poetry, artwork, math, and jewelry. They have even inspired the names of submarines and exercise equipment. These animals have been around for about 500 million years- even before the dinosaurs. Fast Facts: Chambered Nautilus Scientific Name: Nautilus pompiliusCommon Name: Chambered nautilusBasic Animal Group: InvertebrateSize: 8–10 inches in diameterWeight: Maximum of 2.8 poundsLifespan: 15–20 yearsDiet:  CarnivoreHabitat: Oceans in the Indo-Pacific regionConservation Status: Not Evaluated Description Nautiluses are invertebrates, cephalopods, and mollusks related to octopus, cuttlefish, and squid. Of all the cephalopods, nautiluses are the only animal to have a visible shell. The shell is not only beautiful, but it also provides protection. The nautilus can withdraw into the shell and seal it closed with a fleshy trapdoor called a hood. Nautilus shells can reach up to 8–10 inches in diameter. They are white on the underside with brown stripes on its upper side. This coloration helps  the nautilus blend into its surroundings. The shell of an adult nautilus contains over 30 chambers which form as the nautilus grows, following a genetically-hardwired shape known as a logarithmic spiral.  The nautiluss soft body is located in the largest, outermost chamber; the remainder of the chambers are ballast tanks that help the nautilus maintain buoyancy. When a nautilus approaches the surface, its chambers fill with gas. A duct called the siphuncle connects the chambers so that, when necessary, the nautilus can flood the chambers with water to make itself sink again. This water enters the mantle cavity and is expelled through a siphon. Chambered nautiluses have many more tentacles  than their squid, octopus and cuttlefish relatives. They have about 90 thin tentacles, which do not have suckers. Squid and cuttlefish have two and octopus have none. Geoff Brightling/Dorling Kindersley/Getty Images Species These several species are in the Nautilidae family, including five species in the genus Nautilus (Nautilus belauensis, N. macromphalus, N. pompilius, N. repertus, and N. stenomphelus) and two species in the genus Allonautilus (Allonautilus perforatus and A.  scrobiculatus). The largest of the species is N. repertus (the emperor nautilus), with a shell measuring from 8 to 10 inches in diameter and soft body parts weighing nearly 2.8 pounds. The smallest is the bellybutton nautilus (N. macromphalus), which only grows 6–7 inches. ​ Allonautilus was recently  re-discovered  in the South Pacific after thought extinct for some 30 years. These animals have a distinctive, fuzzy-looking shell.   Habitat and Distribution Nautilus pompilius is only found in the dimly lit tropical and warm temperate waters of the Indo-Pacific region in southeast Asia and Australia. It is the most widespread of any of the nautiluses and like most of the species, it spends most of the day at depths up to 2,300 feet. At night it migrates slowly up the coral reef slopes to forage for food at about 250 feet deep. Diet and Behavior Nautiluses are primarily scavengers of dead crustaceans, fish, and other organisms, even other nautiluses. However, they do prey on (living) hermit crabs and dig in the soft sediments of the sea floor for small prey pieces. Nautiluses have poor vision with two large but primitive pinhole eyes. Under each eye is a fleshy papilla about a tenth of an inch long called a rhinophore that the nautilus uses to detect its prey. When a dead fish or crustacean is detected by the nautilus, it extends its thin tentacles and swims towards the prey.  The nautilus grips the prey with its tentacles and then rips it into shreds with their beak before passing it to the radula. A nautilus moves by jet propulsion. Water enters the mantle cavity and  is forced out the siphon to propel the nautilus backward, forward, or sideways. Reproduction and Offspring With a lifespan of 15–20 years, nautiluses are the longest-living cephalopods. They take from10 to more than 15 years to become sexually mature. Nautiluses must move into warmer tropical waters to mate, and then they mate sexually when the male transfers his sperm packet to the female using a modified tentacle called a spadix. The female produces between 10 and 20 eggs each year, laying them one at a time, a process that may last throughout the year. It can take up to a year for the eggs to hatch.   Richard Merritt FRPS/Moment/Getty Images Evolutionary History Long before dinosaurs roamed the Earth, giant cephalopods swam in the sea.  The nautilus is the oldest cephalopod ancestor. It hasnt changed much over the last 500 million years, hence the name living fossil.   At first, prehistoric nautiloids had straight shells, but these evolved into a coiled shape. Prehistoric nautiluses had shells up to 10 feet in size. They dominated the seas, as fish hadnt yet evolved to compete with them for prey.  The nautiluss main prey was likely a type of arthropod called the trilobite. Threats None of the nautiluses are listed as threatened or endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, ongoing threats to nautiluses are recognized, including over-harvesting, habitat loss, and climate change.  One climate change-related issue is ocean acidification, which affects the nautiluss ability to build its calcium carbonate-based shell. Nautilus populations in some areas (such as in the Philippines) are declining due to over-fishing.  Nautiluses are caught in baited traps to be sold as live specimens, meat, and shells. Shells are used to make handicrafts, buttons, and jewelry, while the meat is consumed and live animals are collected for aquariums and scientific research.  According to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, more than half a  million nautiluses  were  imported into the U.S. from 2005–2008.   Intensive nautilus fisheries are short-lived and devastating to local populations. Within about a decade or two, the locations become commercially nonviable. Nautiluses are especially vulnerable to over-fishing due to their slow development and reproduction rates. Populations also seem to be isolated, with little gene flow between populations and less able to recover from a loss. Although the IUCN has not yet reviewed nautilus for inclusion on the Red List due to lack of data, in January 2017, the entire family of chambered nautiluses (Nautilidae) was listed in the U.S. CITES Appendix II. This means that CITES documentation will be required for import and re-export of these species and items made from them.   Saving the Nautilus To help nautiluses, you can support nautilus research and avoid purchasing products made of a nautilus shell.  These include the shells  themselves as well as pearls and other jewelry made from the nacre from the nautiluss shell.   Westend61/Westend61/Getty Images Sources Aquarium of the Pacific.  Chambered Nautilus.Barord, Gregory J., et al. Comparative Population Assessments of Nautilus Sp. In the Philippines, Australia, Fiji, and American Samoa Using Baited Remote Underwater Video Systems. PLOS One 9.6 (2014): e100799. Print.Broad, William J. Loving the Chambered Nautilus to Death. The New York Times, October 24, 2011.Chambered nautilus. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service International Affairs, 2017.  Daw, Adam and Gregory J. Barord. Aquarium Science: Husbandry of the Nautilus: Aspects of its Biology, Behavior, and Care. Tropical Fish Hobbyist Magazine, 2007.  Dunstan, Andrew J., Peter D. Ward, and N. Justin Marshall. Vertical Distribution and Migration Patterns of Nautilus Pompilius. PLOS One 6.2 (2011): e16311. Print.Jereb, P., and C. F. E. Robert, eds. Cephalopods of the World: An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Cephalopod Species Known to Date. Vol. 1: Chambered nautiluses and sepioids (Nautilidae, Sepiidae, Sepiolidae, Sepiadariidae, Idiosepiidae and Spirulidae). Rome: Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica Applicata al Mare, 2005.   Platt, John R. Should We Stop Selling Nautilus Shells? Scientific American, June 12, 2014.Urton, James. Rare nautilus sighted for the first time in three decades. UW News, University of Washington, August 25, 2015.

Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Project - Assignment Example The payoffs on the covered call position are related to the short put standing, the premium is the same as of the naked put (Kendrick, 2012). General electric trade shows the highest potential yields since it has bid premium of $1.14 that yields 12.23% and GE decreased its dividend to $10 from a high of $31 per quarter. Let’s look at the scenarios of pay offs at GE in a minimum span of six months, One has an alternative of 100 shares at the price of $18.79 and sells the shares in January at $19.00 call at $1.14 per share and after minimum number of days receive $114.00, later on prior to expiration collect $30.00 with almost three times the original expected yield. Is a risk management strategy for investors that involve use of shares and stocks to guard against the unrealized gains loss. It reduces the investor’s possible gain from the security he owns but is also a form of insurance. In the market the GE has provided certain basis from which investors can make proper analysis, example of which we use here. An investor purchased a stock of $12 that now is rated at a worth of $24 but has not put it on sell, the unrealized gains can be rated at $12. The investor can as well purchase a put option for the underlying stock if he still believes that he is not ready to sell but is also keen not to lose the gain of twelve. The investor can be able to increase the put option gain if the prices continue to rise and losses when they fall as illustrated in the graph. An option can be said to be a strategy that is used by investors in trading. It involves a simultaneous purchase and sale of two options that are categorized under the same type but have different expiration dates. The two are sold at different strike prices. The payoffs are shown by the narrowing and albeit, widening of the differences that exists between

Literature review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Literature review - Essay Example Impediments such as the lack of child-care facilities and stores remaining open only during the usual working hours also exist. Child care can be very expensive, and even for those who can afford it, it is hard to find it. Consequently, it is hard for many mothers to return to work after bearing a child as also for working women to shop. To compound matters, part-time jobs are almost non-existent. Gender and work in Germany: Pre and Post Unification The division of Germany had major repercussions in gender equality, specifically in the matter of division of labor in both paid and unpaid work. In the case of East Germany, it needed and expected men as well as women to be paid workers, while in West Germany, the conservative welfare state typically consigned women to unpaid housewifery and men to breadwinning. Consequently, women of East Germany gained better equality in the labor market than women in West Germany. However, in spite of the East German government’s professed comm itment to eliminate gender inequality altogether, employed women failed to attain full gender equality, particularly with regard to occupational integration, earnings, as well as division of labor at home (Rosenfeld et al, 2001). Institutional change and family formation Institutional control over the course of life and the formation of the family remained high under the highly regulative, pro-natalist and communist government in East Germany. The strong regulative nation was abruptly replaced by the establishment of the democratic West German model after a separation that lasted 28 years. After the downfall of the communist regime in East Germany, there was an intensification of economic pressures all over Germany, and more so in the tumult of changeover in East Germany, rather than in the pre-FRG. East German women reacted to the economic confusion as well as insecurities of the process of transition with de-standardized family formation as also a high incidence of alternative fam ily modes, which was in fact according to their secular familial values. A significant part of the East German story is the strong pattern under the extreme institutional control wielded by the communist system, compared to which the de-standardization after reunification remains in stark contrast (Fasang, 2011). On the contrary West Germany underwent a process of re-standardization of family formation. This comprises of either traditional marriage as also motherhood pattern or an interruption of family formation. This schism is motivated by structural difficulties to merge a career as well as a family, tax concessions for the breadwinner of the family and the never-changing conventional family values in West Germany. In the later stages of re-standardization there is a high incidence of cohabitation, the resultant motherhood out of wedlock, as also divorce. Women’s fertility and employment decisions In either part of Germany, the probability of women bearing a first child is correlated negatively, with employment as well as educational achievement. However, with second and third birth risks, the negative correlation flags. In East Germany, virtually every mother goes back to work 18 months after a birth. However, in West Germany, this ratio is a lot smaller and when the child begins nursery school/school, women enter the labour market yet again in higher ratios. These factors indicate a powerful and strong influence of